Professor Millikan has been President of the American Physical Society, Vice-President of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and was the American member of the Committee on Intellectual Cooperation of the League of Nations, and the American representative at the International Congress of Physics, known as the Solvay Congress, at Brussels in 1921. In 1921, he was appointed Director of the Norman Bridge Laboratory of Physics at the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena he was also made Chairman of the Executive Council of that institute. During World War I, Millikan was Vice-Chairman of the National Research Council, playing a major part in developing anti-submarine and meteorological devices. of The Electron, previously mentioned,) and his Autobiography(1950). Shortly before his death he published Electrons (+ and –), Protons, Photons, Neutrons, Mesotrons, and Cosmic Rays (1947 another rev. ![]() He was not only a foremost scientist, but his religious and philosophic nature was evident from his lectures on the reconciliation of science and religion, and from his books: Science and Life(1924) Evolution in Science and Religion (1927) Science and the New Civilization (1930) Time, Matter, and Values (1932). Throughout his life Millikan remained a prolific author, making numerous contributions to scientific journals. The discovery of his law of motion of a particle falling towards the earth after entering the earth's atmosphere, together with his other investigations on electrical phenomena, ultimately led him to his significant studies of cosmic radiation (particularly with ionization chambers). During 1920-1923, Millikan occupied himself with work concerning the hot-spark spectroscopy of the elements (which explored the region of the spectrum between the ultraviolet and X-radiation), thereby extending the ultraviolet spectrum downwards far beyond the then known limit. In addition his studies of the Brownian movements in gases put an end to all opposition to the atomic and kinetic theories of matter. Next, he verified experimentally Einstein's all-important photoelectric equation, and made the first direct photoelectric determination of Planck's constant h (1912-1915). His earliest major success was the accurate determination of the charge carried by an electron, using the elegant "falling-drop method" he also proved that this quantity was a constant for all electrons (1910), thus demonstrating the atomic structure of electricity. As a scientist, Millikan made numerous momentous discoveries, chiefly in the fields of electricity, optics, and molecular physics. Mills (1908) Practical Physics - revision of A First Course(1920) The Electron(1917 rev. Gale (1907) Electricity, Sound, and Light,with J. Gale (1906) A Laboratory Course in Physics for Secondary Schools,with H.G. Mann translated from the German (1903) A First Course in Physics, with H.G. Stratton (1898) Mechanics, Molecular Physics, and Heat (1902) The Theory of Optics,with C.R. He was author or co-author of the following books: A College Course in Physics, with S.W. Millikan was an eminent teacher, and passing through the customary grades he became professor at that university in 1910, a post which he retained till 1921.ĭuring his early years at Chicago he spent much time preparing textbooks and simplifying the teaching of physics. ![]() Michelson, to become assistant at the newly established Ryerson Laboratory at the University of Chicago (1896). On the instigation of his professors, Millikan spent a year (1895-1896) in Germany, at the Universities of Berlin and Göttingen. (1895) for research on the polarization of light emitted by incandescent surfaces - using for this purpose molten gold and silver at the U.S. In 1893, after obtaining his mastership in physics, he was appointed Fellow in Physics at Columbia University. ![]() It was during this period that he developed his interest in the subject in which he was later to excel. ![]() After working for a short time as a court reporter, he entered Oberlin College (Ohio) in 1886.ĭuring his undergraduate course his favourite subjects were Greek and mathematics but after his graduation in 1891 he took, for two years, a teaching post in elementary physics. He led a rural existence in childhood, attending the Maquoketa High School (Iowa). His grandparents were of the Old New England stock which had come to America before 1750, and were pioneer settlers in the Middle West. (U.S.A.), as the second son of the Reverend Silas Franklin Millikan and Mary Jane Andrews. (1868-1953)Robert Andrews Millikan was born on the 22nd of March, 1868, in Morrison, Ill. Biografia estratta da Nobel Lectures, Physics 1922-1941.
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